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<div class="span index">1</div> <span><a class="" data-remote="true" data-type="html" href="/series/state-secrets-inside-the-making-of-the-electric-state">State Secrets: Inside The Making Of The Electric State</a></span>

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State Secrets: Inside The Making Of The Electric State

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Step inside the world of The Electric State! Join host Francesca Amiker as she takes you behind the scenes of Anthony and Joe Russo’s epic new Netflix adventure. Over six in-depth episodes, explore how the filmmakers transformed Simon Stålenhag’s stunning graphic novel into a cinematic experience like no other. Exclusive interviews from the cast and crew—including Millie Bobby Brown, Chris Pratt, Stanley Tucci, and the Russo Brothers—will help break down the film’s jaw-dropping visuals, emotional core, groundbreaking technology AND the creative secrets that make The Electric State. Join us in the countdown to The Electric State premiering exclusively on Netflix on March 14th. State Secrets: Inside The Making of The Electric State coming March 7th.

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Dairy Science Digest - a podcast developed to share the MOST current research published in the Journal of Dairy science. Hear directly from the research authors on how their results can impact your herd’s profitability. Science you can base your management decisions around. Designed to rarely exceed 30 minutes, this podcast provides ONLY the ”need to know” info for dairy producers. Keywords: dairy, science, reproduction, production, extension, cattle, MIZZOU, MU, Dairy Team, #2xAg2030

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Dairy Science Digest

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Dairy Science Digest

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DSD 6.4 | A dynamic rumen, preweaning 30:51

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Most dairy farms are trying to push the envelope from the conventional 4L of milk replacer per day to a higher volume to support lean structural growth of replacement heifers. Concerns of ruminal leakage resulting in fermentation has been cited as a concern, but is that based on an incomplete picture? We know microbial protein offers a nearly perfect alignment of amino acid requirements for the bovine, however nutrition programs have discounted milk replacer to exclusively providing rumen undegradable protein (RUP) – protein that skips the rumen and is absorbed in the abomasum. Marcos Marcondes , researcher from the Miner Institute, wanted to see if feeding higher volumes would change the flow of protein and energy to the calf and the physiology of the rumen, due to leakage. To test this question he fed a standard rate and double rate of milk replacer with colbalt to mark and track the flow of digestion through preweaned animals. Leakage was found in the rumen on both treatments, but the results were positive. Energy, in the form of volatile fatty acids, and microbial protein added to the fuel for these growing animals. Listen in to better understand the kinetics of digestion and questions that still remain for this phase of production. Topics of discussion 1:44 Introduction of Dr. Marcos Marcondes 2:50 Lambs as a model for bovine calves, 4 & 8L/day 4:07 Known info on the kinetics of milk protein 6:46 Relevance of microbial protein in fueling cattle 8:17 Cobalt marker used in the research model 10:51 Rumen leakage for preweaned calves 13:14 Grain feeding during trial 14:30 Milk replacer vs Whole milk 17:01 Retention rates 18:41 Colostrum protocol – no tubing 20:02 VFA and Microbial protein production 25:37 Physiology and histology 27:32 What do you want Boots on the Ground dairy producers to gain from the project? Featured Article: Influence of different amounts of milk replacer on esophageal leakage, rumen fermentation characteristics, gastrointestinal tract passage rate, and microbial crude protein synthesis of nursling animals #2xAg2030; #journalofdairyscience; #openaccess; #MODAIRY; #prewean; #dairycalves; #microbialprotein; #MinerInstitute; #kinetics; #dairysciencedigest; #ReaganBluel;…

Dairy Science Digest

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DSD 6.3 | Big Picture Management Decisions Matter 32:35

19 hari yang lalu32:35

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DSD 6.3 | Big Picture Management Decisions Matter Timeless dairy management decisions, such as voluntary waiting period & days dry, have recently been the topic of interest across the globe. Scrutiny to illuminate the ideal to maximize productive life has left the industry questioning convention. Michael Overton , DVM at Zoetis worked with co-author Steve Eicker to tease out the answers to these questions from a a massive dataset of 109,000 cows across 60 herds nationwide. This retrospective, observational research project was recently published in the Journal of Dairy Science titled, “ Associations between days open and dry period length versus milk production, replacement, and fertility in the subsequent lactation in Holstein dairy cows ”. All dairymen should pause to determine the unintended consequences of their management decisions on optimal performance and ultimately the economic success of the herd. Listen in to learn ways to apply concepts from this project to your operation. Topics of discussion 1:33 Introduction of Dr. Overton 2:54 Difference between association vs causation 4:28 Description of data set 4:51 Genomic testing, background 6:31 Advising herds on selection indices DWP$ 10:02 Different measurements collected – carry over impact of days dry and days open 11:50 Figure 4: Impact of previous days open and previous days dry on cumulative milk 14:04 Risk of replacement and impact of mastitis 18:05 How many sins is a dairyman willing to forgive? 19:46 What does your data say for optimal VWP 22:27 Twin events or sex of calf 24:59 Figure 7: Risk of pregnancy 28:46 What do you want Boots on the Ground dairy producers to gain from the project? Featured Article: Associations between days open and dry period length versus milk production, replacement, and fertility in the subsequent lactation in Holstein dairy cows #2xAg2030; #journalofdairyscience; #openaccess; #MODAIRY; #daysdry; #milk; #previousdaysopen; #VWP; #daysdry; #DWP$; #Zoetis; #dairysciencedigest; #ReaganBluel;…

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DSD 6.2 | Bump colostrum quality with ease 28:46

9 weeks yang lalu28:46

28:46

Colostrum, the life-giving liquid-gold first milk that builds the calves’ immune function. The dairy industry has made amazing strides on colostrum management, however we’ll always have a small number of cows that come in with enough colostrum, just moderate quality. What can we do to enhance the colostrum to ensure the calf’s success? Dr. Sandra Godden, from the University of MN Vet Med, and her team of researchers sought to better understand what would happen if they directly added dry colostrum replacer to the moderate quality colostrum? Is it better to reconstitute and feed separately? Listen in to learn ways to improve your colostrum program and how to enhance that moderate quality colostrum. Topics of discussion 1:47 Introduction of Dr. Sandra Godden 2:29 Experimental design and “why” for the project 4:23 Efficiency of absorption 4:55 Abomasal emptying relative to osmolality 7:56 4 treatments 9:52 IgG concentrations at time 0 (Table 3) 10:52 Results discussion - IgG at 24 hours 12:21 General discussion of plasma derived colostrum vs maternal derived replacer 15:05 Discussion of the actual product you used and how it is different from other products on the market 17:45 Impact on health, behavior and appetite for the first 3 days 20:46 Importance of Total Coliform Counts (TCC) in colostrum and how to test 25:26 What do you want Boots on the Ground dairy producers to gain from the project? 26:26 Goals for serum brix readings and serum total protein Featured Article: Controlled Field Study Investigating Two Methods of Enriching Moderate-Quality Maternal Colostrum on Transfer of Passive Immunity and Wellbeing of Neonatal Dairy Calves #2xAg2030; #journalofdairyscience; #openaccess; #MODAIRY; #colostrum; #colostrumreplacer; #colostrumenhancement; #premolac; #Zinpro; #dairysciencedigest; #ReaganBluel;…

Dairy Science Digest

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DSD 6.1 | Management to create the invisible cow 33:29

13 weeks yang lalu33:29

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DSD 6.1 | Management to create the invisible cow If you pause and think about a list of cows – chances are the list that pops into mind is a group of troublemakers that didn’t breed back or need another round of treatment or are on this week’s cull list. What if you could create a herd of unmemorable cows – ones who just do their job; make milk, breed back, no mastitis – the "Invisible Cow". Dr. Krogstad’s research program’s goal is to create more invisible cows; ones you only see at calving, breeding and dry off. This month he shares with us a dataset analyzed for associations of hyperketonemia (HYK) with body condition, milk production, pregnancy loss, mastitis and ultimately culling. It turns out that the timing of lipolysis determines if it is healthy or harmful and ultimately has a big impact on her success through transition. It all boils down to are the free fatty acids being mobilized to fuel early lactation being completely oxidized or partially oxidized? Listen in to learn more about our featured article: Associations of Body Condition Score, Body Condition Score Change, and Hyperketonemia with Mastitis, Reproduction, and Milk Production Topics of discussion 1:40 Introduction of Kirby Krogstad 2:39 Definition of hyperketonemia (HYK) 4:22 Frequency of HYK 5:16 Milk yield decrease due to hyperketonemia 7:36 Figure 3: Prepartum BCS by lactation 9:39 Ideal range of prepartum BCS 10:17 Impact of BCS loss on pregnancy loss 12:04 What’s the biology behind the pregnancy losses? 13:58 How does hyperketonemia impact odds risk mastitis? 14:44 Cellular rationale behind increased mastitis risk 16:36 Figure 5: Health status impact on milk yield 18:16 “Healthy” Lipolysis 18:58 Were cows with high BHB treated? 19:43 Week one vs week two – Timing of Lipolysis 20:40 Healthy Lipolysis generates the invisible cow 22:11 Can you suppress inflammation to improve transition? 23:08 Lipolysis in week one 25:24 Culling association to hyperketonemia 26:15 BCS association to culling 27:27 Impact of stable BCS 28:14 Prevalence and goals for HYK 29:07 Rumen protected niacin for the transition herd 31:01 Transition BCS recommendations 32:05 Take away for boots on the ground dairy producers Featured Article: Associations of Body Condition Score, Body Condition Score Change, and Hyperketonemia with Mastitis, Reproduction, and Milk Production #2xAg2030; #journalofdairyscience; #openaccess; #MODAIRY; #InvisibleCow; #BCS; #ketosis; #pregnancyloss; #Maturecow; #transitiondairy; #HYK; #lipolysis; #dairysciencedigest; #ReaganBluel;…

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DSD 5.12 | Takes time to Make Time 23:26

18 weeks yang lalu23:26

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Ever heard the adage, “It takes money to make money”? Well, the research highlighted this month shows that it also takes time, to make time. Dr. Zelmar Rodriguez discusses the importance of parlor training and how to make your on farm training as effective as possible. The featured article summarizes results of pre- and post-training assessments he and his team at MI State Vet Med recently completed. Listen in to be motivated, a small effort can ultimately create a large impact in parlor performance and BTSCC. Topics of discussion 1:49 Introduction of Dr. Zelmar Rodriguez 2:45 What was the aim of the training project? 3:30 How to integrate photographs into training 4:08 The difference in employees’ learning process. 5:13 The two curriculum sections, pathogens and milking processes 6:04 Where did you find the resources to use to make the training exams? 7:09 Specifics about the workers being trained and farms. 8:32 Results discussion 10:02 Should the manager/owner be present? 10:44 What question came up at every farm? 11:35 Cross Training 12:24 Pre-test knowledge level 13:05 Typical turnover rates 13:49 Average prep lag time, adequate prep 14:15 Time reduction in milking 15:36 BTSCC prior vs after intervention (April-Sept) 16:46 Clinical Mastitis identification 18:21 What is DeLaval PASS? 19:47 What is Cattle Care 20:55 What do you want Boots on the Ground dairy producers to gain from the project? Featured Article: Impact of training dairy farm personnel on milking routine compliance, udder health, and milk quality Recommended Resources – National Mastitis Council #2xAg2030; #journalofdairyscience; #openaccess; #MODAIRY; #Training; #parlor; #dairylabor; #nmc; #DeLaval; #parlorturn; #milking; #dairysciencedigest; #ReaganBluel;…

Dairy Science Digest

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DSD 5.11 | Subtle Sync changes to synergize estrus with ovulation 42:04

22 weeks yang lalu42:04

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Reproductive physiologists are always trying to improve conception rates for the dairy herd. Double ovsync is one of the best tools in our toolbox to submit cows to first insemination. However, as estrus detection technology becomes more affordable and we learn more about physiology, perhaps combining the expression of estrus at insemination may improve fertility through optimizing ovulation timing. Dr. Julio Giordano and Ana Laplacette worked with their Cornell reproduction team to investigate this theory on over 4600 cows in 2 commercial herds. “We are trying to take advantage of the power of sync of ovulation and the power of estrus” Giordano explains. “To get the best of both, synergize the two.” The only change to the well-known Double ovsync protocol includes a delay in the final administration of GnRh before breeding. The goal, allowing the cows more time to show estrus. Take a moment to listen in to better understand the physiology of this synchronization program and how to improve your herd’s reproductive management. Topics of discussion 2:03 Introduction of Dr. Julio Giordano & Ana Laplacette 3:37 Why introduce Estrus detection to double ovsync? 6:25 Treatment description, Double ovsync 9:12 Did you cherry pick? 10:04 What metrics do you focus in on to determine the success of synchronization protocol 11:36 Considerations to grouping animals to best understand the data 13:57 How did you determine “heat” 15:23 Specific difference between G56 and G80 treatments 16:38 Increase in Estrus observed 2.2% vs 29.9% 17:09 Three types of cows – (1) Show estrus without GnRh, 1/3 (2) Show estrus after GnRh, 1/3 (3) Never show estrus, 1/3 20:01 Anestrus cows – table 5 22:16 Follicle size differences between treatment 26:12 Did it work? Take home message for boots on the ground dairy producers 30:41 What is the difference between the estrus and non-estrus cows? 32:16 Follow up project: Give cows 1 week to show estrus after PGH of breeding OvSync Featured Article: Delaying induction of ovulation and timed AI in a Double-Ovsynch protocol increased expression of estrus and altered first service reproductive outcomes of lactating dairy cows #2xAg2030; #journalofdairyscience; #openaccess; #MODAIRY; #DoubleOvSync; #G56; #G80; #cherrypick; #sync; #estrus; #dairy; #Lut; #GnRH; #conceptionrate; #dairysciencedigest; #ReaganBluel;…

Dairy Science Digest

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DSD 5.10 | Rumen friendly fatty acids in High Oleic Beans 29:23

27 weeks yang lalu29:23

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DSD 5.10 | Rumen friendly fatty acids in High Oleic Beans Soybeans and dairy cows have walked hand for decades. These oil beans are known specifically for the amino acid sequence in their high-quality protein and energy to support lactation. Recent developments in plant breeding has shifted the fat profile of the bean contain a higher amount of Oleic fat, which is easier for the rumen to digest, in certain varieties. Substituting linoleic acid for higher concentrations of oleic allows nutritionists to increase the inclusion rate in the diet and therefore support the herd during times of high production. This month we feature an article from Dr. Adam Lock and his team at Michigan State University as highlighting research generated from on-farm questions. Ensuring producers know how much to feed, and how to feed high oleic soybeans to the herd was the objective of a series of research projects in the pipeline of publications due to come from MSU in the coming months and years. Listen in to here if growing this new variety of bean makes sense for your operation. Topics of discussion 1:56 Introduction of Adam Lock 3:37 What’s the difference between conventional beans and HOSB? 7:41 Raw vs Roasted 10:38 Research Treatments, 4 rations 12:28 Table 2 – Statistical Contrasts 13:24 ECM impacts 16:48 Sourcing HOSB 18:45 Future research questions 19:34 Palmitic acid for milk fat improvements 21:03 Upcoming transition cow research 22:43 HOSB impacts on metabolism – research in works 24:10 DMI/ECM 25:03 Take home message for boots on the ground dairy producers 27:28 On-Farm Roasting Featured Article: Effects of raw and roasted high oleic soybeans on milk production of high-producing dairy cows Supporting Article: Effects of increasing dietary inclusion of high oleic acid soybeans on milk production of high-producing dairy cows #2xAg2030; #journalofdairyscience; #openaccess; #MODAIRY; #HighOleic ; #soybean; #Plenish; #soyleic; #HOSB; #ration; #dairy; #rumen; #FA; #oleic; #dairysciencedigest; #ReaganBluel;…

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DSD 5.9 | Undegradable NDF clogging your herd? 30:55

31 weeks yang lalu30:55

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Despite decades of dedicated research, the rumen still remains a bit of a ‘black box’. This month we feature an article from Dr. Gonzalo Ferreira and his team at Virginia Tech as they try further define how undegradable fiber impacts the rumen's flow rate, and therefore productivity. Comprehending the kinetics of degradation will assist in identifying the ideal combination of ingredients to create a profitable ration for your herd. Could this help you make future planting decisions, as the nation is repairing from several rounds of drought? Does the ‘queen of forages’ belong in your cropping program? Listen in to learn more! Topics of discussion 1:48 Introduction of Dr. Gonzalo Ferreira 3:33 Impact of Fiber in the ration 4:15 Compare Alfalfa to temperate grasses 5:16 Segregating Fiber, pdNDF vs uNDF 8:04 Design of research rations 9:23 Feeding grasses to lactating dairy cows 12:40 Main variable of interest, ruminal passage rate 13:34 Dry matter intake 16:03 Ration strategy around flow rates and rumen pool size 19:08 Forage sample analysis selection 21:21 Cost of the rations 23:32 Plant more Alfalfa or Orchard Grass? 26:36 Take home message for boots on the ground dairy producers Featured Article: Ruminal passage rate and digestibility of fiber from dairy cows consuming diets containing alfalfa and orchardgrass hays with different concentrations of undegradable neutral detergent fiber (uNDF) #2xAg2030; #journalofdairyscience; #openaccess; #MODAIRY; #queenofforages; #Alfalfa; #NDF; #uNDF; #pdNDF; #orchardgrass; #ration; #kinetics; #dairy; #rumen; #dairysciencedigest; #ReaganBluel;…

Dairy Science Digest

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DSD 5.8 | Magnesium matters 24:58

35 weeks yang lalu24:58

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Seems like calcium and phosphorus gather up all the attention, but there is growing awareness of the importance of magnesium – the “runner up mineral” in the dairy cow diet. Some sources of magnesium are simply more available than others. This fact has the ignited the interest of ruminant nutritionists looking to focus their research efforts on determining the most available Mg source so you can get the biggest bang for your buck. This month we featured an article from Dr. Noelia Silva Del Rio , from UC Davis. She describes her research on the rumen availability of different popular magnesium sources and explains the importance of magnesium and how to improve the mineral status of your herd. Listen in to learn more! Topics of discussion 1:32 Introduction of Dr. Noelia Silva 3:28 How does vitamin D impact mineral absorption? 3:42 Regulation of bone mineral mobilization 3:55 relationship of Mg normalizing blood vitamin D 4:53 Human mineral deficiencies 6:21 5 forms of Mg researched: Most soluble, most common and a proprietary blend 7:57 Bolus vs pre-mix 8:51 How magnesium is absorbed in the cow 9:42 Solubility trial: popular is not the same as available 12:18 Why were open, non-lactating dairy cows tested? 13:11 Urine results over 24 hour 15:22 MgS most available (Figure 2) 16:27 Adjust for pre-treatment Mg excretion (Figure 3) 18:09 Recommendations for Nutritionists 20:17 Quick field test for Mg availability 20:57 Take home message for boots on the ground dairy producers Featured Article: Relative availability of 5 inorganic magnesium sources in non-pregnant, non-lactating Holstein cows. Additional Information: Dr. Goff’s field test - https://www.dairyherd.com/news-news-news/magnesium-most-critical-mineral Recommended mineral paper for producers: https://avmajournals.avma.org/view/journals/javma/222/11/javma.2003.222.1518.xml #2xAg2030; #journalofdairyscience; #openaccess; #MODAIRY; #Magnesium; #Mg; #Ca; #P; #mineral; #dairy; #hypocalcemia; #dairysciencedigest; #ReaganBluel;…

Dairy Science Digest

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DSD 5.7 |Machine learning to find SARA prevalence in your herd 25:32

39 weeks yang lalu25:32

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Subacute Ruminal acidosis, commonly referred to as SARA, could be robbing your herd of production. When pH dips too low for too long the biology of the rumen shifts, butterfat slides and overall health of the herd is negatively impacted. But how can you tell if your herd has SARA? This month we invite Dr. Eric Paquet and Felix Huot , from Université Laval in Quebec Canada to explain the method of using DHI milk samples to map the prevalence of SARA in the dairy herd of Quebec. Listen in to learn more - Topics of discussion 1:48 Introduction of Dr. Eric Paquet and Felix Huot 2:55 What is SARA – how is it defined what are the symptoms? 4:42 Pair Feeding – Intake experimental design 5:10 Rumen Bolus for research monitoring for calibration 6:57 Rumen pH for definition of SARA 7:40 7 commercial herds for phase 1 calibration 10:35 Ruminal Biochemistry changed by SARA 13:08 Ruminal variability among cows within the same herd 14:54 Phase 2: applied statistical model to a dataset of 3000 farms in Quebec to predict prevalence 17:24 Mean, range (min-max) prevalence of SARA 18:35 Factors associated with an increase prevalence of SARA 19:27 Robotic herds 20:50 Seasonal effect 21:40 Higher milk yield 22:05 Take home message for boots on the ground dairy producers Featured Article: Featured Article: Predicting subacute ruminal acidosis from milk mid-infrared estimated fatty acids and machine learning on Canadian commercial dairy herds Background Information: Relationship between farm management strategies, reticuloruminal pH variations, and risks of subacute ruminal acidosis #2xAg2030; #journalofdairyscience; #openaccess; #MODAIRY; #SARA; #machinelearning; #VFA; #milk; #fattyacid; #acidosis; #FA; #dairysciencedigest; #ReaganBluel;…

Dairy Science Digest

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DSD 5.6 | Heat stress changes to the Mammary Gland 29:42

44 weeks yang lalu29:42

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When your bulk tank volume takes a plunge through the last bout of heat, do you ever wonder exactly WHY? What is it in the udder that changes to cause the decline? Why do we also commonly see elevated SCC in our tanks too? To best understand the why, the Virgina Tech dairy team collected tissue samples from the mammary gland of cows in controlled environmental chambers. This month we invite Dr. Ben Corl to explain the cellular changes observed in the alveoli, epithelial and even immune cells of the mammary gland of cows undergoing a controlled heat stress challenge. Additionally, he’ll describe the changes in gene expression in those same tissue samples that controls protein production and mammary health. This continuation of our heat stress series features two papers titled: (1) Cyclical heat stress during lactation influences the microstructure of the bovine mammary gland (2) 2022: Heat stress increases mammary epithelial cells and reduces viable immune cells in milk of dairy cows Topics of discussion 1:28 Introduction of Dr. Ben Corl 2:36 Describe the experimental design 3:58 Pair Feeding – Intake experimental design 7:14 Could the cows cool during the evening ? 8:47 Microscopic changes to the mammary 10:31 Cellular turnover in the alveoli 13:20 Increased losses of epithelial cells, a portion of the somatic cell population 16:39 Decline in viable Immune cell population in the mammary 19:38 Body temperature before and after milking 20:16 Number of alveoli 24:07 Gene & protein expression changes 24:56 Gene expression pathway for cellular health in the mammary 26:25 What do you want Boots on the ground dairyman to know Background Information: Temperature Humidity Index (THI) #2xAg2030; #journalofdairyscience; #openaccess; #MODAIRY; #heatstress; #alveoli; #milk; #mammarydevelopment; #mammary; #dairysciencedigest; #ReaganBluel;…

Dairy Science Digest

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DSD 5.5 | Avoid generations of production losses 32:29

48 weeks yang lalu32:29

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Florida researchers began a generational study in 2007 that is still years in the making. It all began with the investigation of the impact of heat stress on dry cows to measure changes that might occur to the calf incubating inside the hot dam, like a crock pot. In addition to seeing negative production impacts on mama, the researchers began to measure numerous changes in the damaged calf coming out of the heat stressed dry cow. This month’s edition, we’ll be interviewing Dr. Jimena Laporta , of the University of Wisconsin, to better understand the physiological changes of the calf that results in lost production for her entire life . She and her team measured changes in mammary and adrenal gland development. Several separate papers have been peer reviewed over the 17 years of research. Many are linked at the bottom of the show notes for additional reference. Listen in to understand how heat stressed dry cows can destroy your favorite cow families’ production records. This month features two released paper titled: (1) Carry-over effects of maternal late-gestation heat stress on granddaughter’s growth and mammary gland development (ck out histology – Fig 1&2) (2) Programming effects of intrauterine hyperthermia on adrenal gland development Topics of discussion 1:58 Introduction of Dr. Jimena Laporta 4:17 Describe the experimental design 6:19 Description of the generations impacted through in utero heat stress 7:29 The biological link between the grand dam and the grand daughter (F2) 9:16 Eight years of research to collect multigenerational data 10:39 F1 management in WI beginning at 8 weeks 12:00 F1 mammary implications following heat stress while developing in utero 13:32 F2 calves – changes as a result of dam’s exposure to heat stress while developing in utero 15:01 Early mammary growth 15:32 What is causing these differences in F2 17:35 Lumen space and estrogen receptors 19:06 Summary of 3 generations of damage 20:34 Should I build a lactating barn or dry cow barn? 22:39 The Adrenal Gland 27:38 Adrenal effect on inflammation 28:56 What do you want Boots on the ground dairyman to know Background Information: Temperature Humidity Index (THI) 2020 Dairy Science Digest Podcast interview 2020: Late-gestation heat stress impairs daughter and granddaughter lifetime performance (economic impact) 2016: In utero heat stress decreases calf survival and performance through the first lactation #2xAg2030; #journalofdairyscience; #openaccess; #MODAIRY; #heatstress; #fetalprogramming; #F1; #milk; #adrenal; #mammarydevelopment; #mammary; #dairysciencedigest; #ReaganBluel;…

Dairy Science Digest

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DSD 5.4 | Reconsider Choline for lasting returns 36:43

1 year yang lalu36:43

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Choline, a pseudovitamin, is required by all mammals including the dairy cow for many essential functions. Research in supplementing rumen protected choline really took off about twenty years ago, however continues today to best understand how this feed through additive can positively influence profitability. Dr. Usman Arshad joins the conversation for this episode to highlight his comprehensive summary of all the peer reviewed, published research completed on Choline. Listen in to best understand the assumed mode of action choline uses to help provide an improved efficiency in milk production for the majority of the lactation, even when only fed during the 42-day transition period. The findings we discuss are published in the recently released paper titled: Exploring choline's important roles as a nutrient for transition dairy cows Topics of discussion 1:19 Introduction of Dr. Usman Arshad 2:17 What is Choline? 3:45 Phospholipid production – choline’s role 6:15 How does choline impacts the transition Cow 7:46 Fatty acid impact on the Liver 8:39 Major factor choline plays on fatty acid transport 13:16 Twenty year average Milk Response when feeding choline for 42 days (-21 to 21 dim) 15:47 Milk Response when feeding choline – more current average from 2020-2024 17:18 Mode of action, intestinal lining? 20:02 Additional possible modes of action 21:47 Choline as a treatment for fatty liver 23:24 Choline results in elevated milk yield, regardless of body condition score 26:16 Inflammation through in early lactation 27:29 Energy cost of bacterial infection 30:30 What’s the one take home message for boots on the ground dairymen 31:35 Return on investment calculations Featured article: Exploring choline's important roles as a nutrient for transition dairy cows #2xAg2030; #journalofdairyscience; #openaccess; #MODAIRY; #Choline; #transition; #transitiondairy; #vitamin; #fattyacid; #negativeenergybalance; #TMR; #dairysciencedigest; #ReaganBluel;…

Dairy Science Digest

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DSD 5.3 | Slight modifications of CIDR Sync - help or hinder? 27:05

1 year yang lalu27:05

27:05

DSD 5.3 | Slight modifications of CIDR Sync - help or hinder? In this time of heifer inventory shortage – getting heifers pregnant (in a timely fashion) is even more important than ever. Contract heifer growers in California sought the help of Dr. Fabio Lima and his team at UC Davis to best understand the use of a 6-day CIDR sync with variable rates of GnRH could increase pregnancies when bred to sexed semen. The findings we discuss are published in the recently released Journal of Dairy Science article titled: Effect of 200 μg of gonadorelin hydrochloride at the first GnRH of a CIDR Synch program on ovulation rate and pregnancies per AI in Holstein heifers . Listen in to hear the results and nuanced details of controlling reproductive structures using timed AI protocols. Topics of discussion 1:03 Production costs of heifer rearing - survey results 2:09 Introduction of Dr. Fabio Lima 3:46 Description of the project 4:20 TAI protocol description 5:31 Varying GnRH dose 6:34 What is the function of GnRH in the heifer? 7:51 Hallmark of a successful synchronization 8:24 Results of ultrasound (ovulation) and P4 blood sample analysis 10:04 Did increased ovulation translate into improved pregnancy outcome? 10:44 Pregnancy at d47, 100% sex semen discussion 13:41 Relationship of Luteinizing hormone and progesterone 15:16 What causes elevated circulating progesterone 16:30 How did we land on 2cc of GnRH to begin with? 18:34 Does increased GnRH cause increased twinning? 21:02 What do you want boots on the ground dairymen to know 23:01 What if you cherry picked? 23:32 Sometimes the plan doesn’t work – but that’s why we do research! Featured article: Effect of 200 μg of gonadorelin hydrochloride at the first GnRH of a CIDR Synch program on ovulation rate and pregnancies per AI in Holstein heifers Articles also discussed in the podcast: Heifer study using 100 and 200 ug in 5-d CIDR Synch protocol. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2023.04.026 Studies showing the implication of progesterone for double ovulation (a proxy for twining) and progesterone. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2018-14410 #2xAg2030; #journalofdairyscience; #openaccess; #MODAIRY; #gnrh; #CIDRsync; #twinning; #pregnancy; #heiferdevelopment; #TAI; #lutenizing; #dairysciencedigest; #ReaganBluel;…

Dairy Science Digest

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DSD 5.2 | Stop fresh cow subclinical mastitis in its tracks without withhold 24:28

1 year yang lalu24:28

24:28

Getting the fresh cow off to a strong start has ripple effects for her entire lactation. Subclinical mastitis rarely gets treated due to an unawareness or a lack of interest in pulling her from the tank. Nisin is a naturally occurring antimicrobial that’s been used widely as a food preservative. Dr. Zelmar Rodriguez and his team from Michigan State University looked at using this familiar antimicrobial to treat subclinical mastitis. The result, reduced clinical cases of mastitis. Listen in to learn more about the return on investment of using Nisin on subclinical mastitis found in the first week of milk using CMT. These findings are published in the recently released paper titled: Economic impact of treatment of subclinical mastitis in early lactation using intramammary nisin Topics of discussion 1:20 Introduction of Dr. Zelmar Rodriguez 2:20 What is nisin 3:42 No dump milk 4:10 Subclinical mastitis assessment 5:00 CMT discussion 6:00 What day should we sample 7:00 Subclinical mastitis prevention 7:39 How does CMT work? 8:46 Factors that impact effectiveness 9:18 What will nisin not work on – gram negative discussion 12:36 ROI/cow 13:23 Treatment regimen 13:42 Assessment to begin protocol 15:36 Effect of employee training 17:16 Model at herd level – ROI 19:33 FDA status 20:22 Limitations of using DHIA hot sheet 22:13 What do you want boots on the ground dairymen to know Featured article: Economic impact of treatment of subclinical mastitis in early lactation using intramammary nisin #2xAg2030; #journalofdairyscience; #openaccess; #MODAIRY; #nisin; #earlylactation; #subclinical; #mastitis; #treatment; #dairysciencedigest; #ReaganBluel;…

Dairy Science Digest

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DSD 3.10| Fetal programming effects of Choline 13:55

3 years yang lalu13:55

13:55

Fetal programming is an emerging topic. This month listen in to learn more about how feeding Choline to your transition pen could transform the metabolism and next generation of the herd. Researcher Dr. Tucker Swartz at the Michigan State University and his team in Bradford’s lab fed choline 24 days prior to freshening and measured the impact on the calf's success through the preweaning phase. These results are in press in the Journal of Dairy Science titled, “ Effects of prenatal dietary rumen-protected choline supplementation during late gestation on calf growth, metabolism, and vaccine response .” They found impacts in the energy metabolism and immune function. Listen in for more information on how this affordable addition holds a large ROI on this phase of production and more. #2xAg2030; #journalofdairyscience; @jdairyscience; #openaccess; #MODAIRY…

Dairy Science Digest

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DSD 3.9| Turn methane from a liability into an asset 23:38

3 years yang lalu23:38

23:38

While it is a fairly unpopular topic among most dairymen, the carbon neutrality goal for 2050 has been declared by leaders of the dairy industry to ensure we are meeting the desires of consumers. This month Dr. Frank Mitloehner joins us from UC Davis to discuss his article is titled, “ Defining a pathway to climate neutrality for US dairy cattle production ”. Listen in to learn how this goal can become an asset to your balance sheet, through carbon credits on the open market. We discuss the State of California and their relationship with their dairy industry as a case study. The ultimate result of an investment of public money has propelled CA dairy producers toward the goal of a 40% decrease in dairy methane by 2030. Revenues generated from the methane digesters result following the conversion of gas into a useable fuel for vehicles and the sale of carbon credits on the open market. Listen in to better understand the ideal size of operation, costs of install, annual assets and how to be part of the climate solution while cashflowing. Dr. Mitloehner can be found on Twitter at: https://twitter.com/GHGGuru and https://twitter.com/UCDavisCLEAR . For more information visit: https://clear.ucdavis.edu/news/climate-neutrality https://youtu.be/UOPrF8oyDYw and #2xAg2030; #journalofdairyscience; @jdairyscience; #openaccess; #MODAIRY…

Dairy Science Digest

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DSD 3.8 | The high fertility cycle 22:28

3 years yang lalu22:28

22:28

This month Drs. Keith E. Latham and J. Richard Pursley join us from Michigan State University to discuss their research comparing cows that maintained body condition versus those who lost during the first month of lactation, and the impact that has on reproductive success. Dairy producers are familiar with the struggles cows have when the transition period fails and cows thin down. Turns out these researchers identified part of the reproductive puzzle, a molecular change on the oocyte which potentially explains poor fertility for those who loose condition. Listen in as Dr. Pursley describes the “High fertility cycle” your herd can experience when all the puzzle pieces fall in place. He’ll provide reproductive benchmarks to assess to ensure your herd avoids over conditioning and therefore improve reproductive performance in the following lactation. This month’s feature article “Effects of early lactation body condition loss in dairy cows on serum lipid profiles and on oocyte and cumulus cell transcriptomes” is found here in the Journal of Dairy Science. For more information about Bovine Reproduction, visit the MSU Bovine Reproductive management website at: https://dairycattlereproduction.com/ #2xAg2030; #journalofdairyscience; @jdairyscience; #openaccess; #MODAIRY Figure 6 - Referenced in the DSD 3.8…

Dairy Science Digest

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DSD 3.7 | Is She Settled? 19:20

3 years yang lalu19:20

19:20

How much would you value knowing that she’s bred earlier than convention? Canadian researcher Dr. Jean Durocher and his team at DHI was approached by dairy producers to determine the feasibility of weekly milk PAG testing all the way down to 23 days post insemination, potentially helping resync and rebreed her a week earlier. The cost of days open can range from $3.00-$5.50/cow/day. Knowing her status sooner will assist in decreasing these costs. This month’s feature article “Bayesian estimation of sensitivity and specificity of a milk pregnancy-associated glycoprotein ELISA test for pregnancy diagnosis between 23 and 27 days after insemination in Holstein dairy cows” found here . #2xAg2030; #journalofdairyscience; @jdairyscience; #openaccess; #MODAIRY…

Dairy Science Digest

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DSD 3.6 | Not your Grandfathers Sorghum 25:44

3 years yang lalu25:44

25:44

This timely edition addresses questions about the feasibility of Forage Sorghum and Sorghum Sudangrass for your lactating herd. There have been numerous advances to these forages over time resulting in hybrids. Dr. Luis Ferraretto, from the University of Wisconsin, is featured for this June addition to discuss a retroactive study predicting dry matter intake, milk production, and production’s impact on intake using 11 years of sorghum plot data from Central FL. Listen in to better understand the effect of planting season and ways to navigate using these "improved” forages in your dairy’s program. Could this forage fit and fill an opportunity to improve tonnage of home grown forage and in your operation? A carefully crafted TMR including forage sorghum could result to be a decreased reliance on purchased nutrients while maintaining your typical milk production levels. The featured Journal of Dairy Science article titled: “Effects of season, variety type, and trait on dry matter yield, nutrient composition, and predicted intake and milk yield of whole-plant sorghum forage” is found at https://www.journalofdairyscience.org/article/S0022-0302(22)00293-4/fulltext #2xAg2030; #journalofdairyscience; @jdairyscience; #openaccess; #MODAIRY…

Dairy Science Digest

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DSD 3.5 | Modeling biometrics benchmarks for a successful transition cow management 42:34

3 years yang lalu42:34

42:34

The transition period has been investigated for nearly 4 decades. Over this time, much has changed in dairy industry including herd management and genetics. Dr. Kerwin, from Cornell, joins us today to discuss the robust observational project documenting the management of 72 successful herds in NY and VT. The project involved tracking the same cohort of cows on each farm for 11 weeks to capture the far off, close up, fresh and peak lactation cow over time. Part 1 of the paper focuses on the management of the herds within the existing farm infrastructure. These topics including grouping dynamics, fresh cow checks and stocking density and how these parameters impact biomarkers (NEFA, βHB and haptoglobin). Beginning at 20:44, she discusses how the biomarkers effect the health, production and reproductive success of the herd. Their model identified an association between the biomarkers and production, negative health disorders, and reproduction (25:13). Don't miss this foundational herd biomarker benchmarking paper for understanding your transition pen goals - Listen in now! **apologies for the sound quality due to poor internet connectivity** Next episode will be better! HERD ALARM LEVELS: (multi= mature cows, primi = first calf heifers, Pre=Prepartum, post=postpartum) PRE NEFA: when >30% multip cows sampled are >0.17 mmol/L = 6% increase disease 21d PR: >15% multi – 6% decrease 21d PR > 40% primi – 3.9% decrease 21d PR POST NEFA: >0.59mmol/L > 15% Multi: 5.8% > 15% Primi: 4.2% increase in disorder Post NEFA 305ME Milk – Multi: >30% = >0.48 mmol/L decreased milk 1735lbs Primi – Not Significant POST BHB: >15% @ >1.2mmol/L 8.5% increase disorder 305ME Milk: >0.9mmol/L Multi: >10% +229kg Primi: >20% +332kg 21d PR: >15%, >0.9 mmol/L 3.2% decrease Prob of Preg - 5.2% decrease PRFS – 7.0 % decrease POST HAPLOGOBIN: >20%, >0.45g/L = 5.3% increase in disorder incidence Two companion articles were featured. These are found at: Part 1: https://www.journalofdairyscience.org/article/S0022-0302(22)00243-0/pdf Part 2: https://www.journalofdairyscience.org/article/S0022-0302(22)00244-2/pdf #2xAg2030; #journalofdairyscience; @jdairyscience; #openaccess; #MODAIRY…

Dairy Science Digest

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DSD 3.4 | Under the hood 28:28

3 years yang lalu28:28

28:28

The final frontier for ruminant nutritionists - understanding all the intricacies and nuances of the microorganisms in the rumen. We know the rumen is adaptable and must anticipate these changes to better manage our herd. This month we talk with Dr. Mary Beth Hall, US Dairy Forage Research center, who investigated the relationship of non-fibrous carbohydrates and rumen degradable protein in the rumen and on production. In 2022, we anticipate nutritionists will try out a variety of different energy sources throughout 2022, due to the challenging commodity markets. The research team specifically looked at feeding different rates of molasses (sugar) or ground corn (starch) when in the presence or absence of rumen degradable protein. She describes the results when her team ‘looked under the hood’. Listen in for this timely understanding of what to expect when shifting from a starch to a sugar and how to best manage ‘under the hood’ to keep your herd running smoothly. Two companion articles were featured. These are found at: https://www.journalofdairyscience.org/article/S0022-0302(22)00187-4/fulltext https://www.journalofdairyscience.org/article/S0022-0302(22)00186-2/fulltext #2xAg2030; #journalofdairyscience; @jdairyscience; #openaccess; #MODAIRY…

Dairy Science Digest

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DSD 3.3 | Financial Resilience – the individual cow effect 22:30

3 years yang lalu22:30

22:30

Positive Profit. Every herd is chasing financial resilience. It is especially relevant on our minds having just completed our schedule Fs and planning for 2022 planting season. Have you ever wondered the lifetime profit of a cow in your herd? How about the average break even for each cow in the herd? Dr. Hadrich was raised on a dairy and questioned the impact of these individual cow differences. To answer these questions, she and her team took on-farm quickbook financials and merged them with individual cattle DHIA data from 67 Minnesota herds. This information maps out the cow-level cumulative lifetime break-even impact on financial assessment. Individual cow lifetime profit between “resilient” and “non-resilient” herds is compared. Lifetime expenses varied substantially, between the two. These differences were found across farm sizes, heifer development costs, lifetime feed and “non-feed” expenses (which includes labor). Listen in to hear how you can assess the financial resilience of your herd! The full article is found at: https://www.journalofdairyscience.org/article/S0022-0302(22)00137-0/fulltext #2xAg2030; #journalofdairyscience; @jdairyscience; #openaccess; #MODAIRY…

Dairy Science Digest

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DSD 3.2 | Unleashed Energy 24:19

3 years yang lalu24:19

24:19

The hurdles of the transition period were first identified nearly 3 decades ago. Since then, researchers have been working towards improved understanding of adipose tissue metabolism to fuel the dairy cow during this window of time. This month we interview the author of the Symposium Review titled: The role of adipose tissue in transition dairy cows: current knowledge and future opportunities, Dr. Sabine Mann, DVM from Cornell University. We discuss the effects of and how to monitor circulating NEFAs during early lactation. Dr. Mann’s article is an extensive review of this topic and provides obtainable management practices to help your transitioning herd. The full article is found at: https://www.journalofdairyscience.org/article/S0022-0302(21)01110-3/fulltext #2xAg2030; #journalofdairyscience; @jdairyscience; #openaccess; #MODAIRY…

Dairy Science Digest

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DSD 3.1 | Don’t waste your GnRH 18:34

3 years yang lalu18:34

18:34

Settling the problem breeder is an achievement every dairy manager wants to better understand. This month’s topic focuses in on the role of GnRH injections and the relationship with the cow’s activity. Listen in as Dr. Tracy Burnett, from the University of British Columbia in Vancouver Canada, studied this topic and has added to our conventional wisdom about GnRH’s role. Her work was recently published @JournalofDairyScience is titled: Impact of GnRH administration at the time of Artificial insemination on Conception risk and its association with estrus expression. This article is found at: https://www.journalofdairyscience.org/article/S0022-0302(21)01028-6/fulltext #2xAg2030; #journalofdairyscience; @jdairyscience; #openaccess…

Dairy Science Digest

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DSD 2.12 | New Rx for Dehorning? 25:18

3 years yang lalu25:18

25:18

Dehorning, the task no one loves. This month pain expert Dr. Michael D. Kleinhenz, from Kansas State, describes research his team conducted to test the effectiveness of long-acting bupivacaine for pain relief during and following disbudding. Listen in to learn about a novel approach to measure pain levels, to determine the effectiveness of Bupivacaine for FDA approval. The article highlighted from the @JournalofDairyScience is titled: Effect of bupivacaine liposome suspension administered as a cornual nerve block on indicators of pain and distress during and after cautery dehorning in dairy calves Found at: https://www.journalofdairyscience.org/article/S0022-0302(21)01042-0/fulltext For more information about how to conduct a cornual nerve block on indicators of https://aabp.org/committees/resources/Pain_Brochure_8-15.pdf or https://www.appliedanimalscience.org/action/showPdf?pii=S2590-2865%2821%2900010-0 If you would like to sponsor a future podcast, please reach out at: reagan@modairy.org #2xAg2030; #journalofdairyscience; @jdairyscience;…

Dairy Science Digest

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2.11 | Measuring Fat During the Transition Period 18:18

3 years yang lalu18:18

18:18

As the dairy cow transitions from dry to lactating, she experiences numerous changes. This month we learn more about the biological details of fat metabolism. Dr. Contreras, from Michigan State University, guides us through a discussion around the project specifically focusing in on what occurs to the fat, at a cellular level, of a cow challenged by disease – specifically ketosis. Listen in to better understand the 3 major mechanisms to control fat mobilization in your fresh cow pen. This “benchtop” laboratory work has paved the way to brainstorm supportive solutions. The article highlighted from the @JournalOfDairyScience is titled: Lipopolysaccharide induces lipolysis and insulin resistance in adipose tissue from dairy cows. Found at: https://www.journalofdairyscience.org/article/S0022-0302(21)00970-X/fulltext If you would like to sponsor a future podcast, please reach out at: reagan@modairy.org . #2xAg2030; #journalofdairyscience; #transitioncow; #fatmetabolism…

Dairy Science Digest

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DSD 2.10 | Impact of on farm feed in your AMS 17:17

4 years yang lalu17:17

17:17

To help save feed costs, many producers have turned to on farm feed as a resource. However, what is not well understood is the impact of this choice for dairies using automatic milking systems (AMS), or robots. Dr. Greg Penner and his team at the University of Saskatchewan researched the feasibility of using home grown, steam-flaked barley versus pelleted barley for guided-flow AMS barns. Listen in this month to learn what the potential impact of this management choice on your lactating herd. The title of the @JournalofDairyScience article in press is: Comparing steam-flaked and pelleted barley grain in a feed-first guided-flow automated milking system for Holstein cows. In press in volume 104. The improved audio on this recording is thanks to a generous supporter of the Dairy Science Digest podcast. If you would like to sponsor a future podcast, please reach out at: reagan@modairy.org . #2xAg2030…

Dairy Science Digest

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DSD 2.9 | Educating Consumers 16:36

4 years yang lalu16:36

16:36

This month we’re going to navigate a bit away from production practices and talk about consumers understanding of our products. By better understanding HOW consumers view the image of our industry, we can become better advocates and perhaps sell more products. Dr. Laurel Redding joins us today from the University of Pennsylvania, school of Veterinary medicine. Her Journal of dairy Science article, currently in press, is titled: Educational interventions to address misconceptions about antibiotic residues in milk can alter consumer perceptions and may affect purchasing habits. She studied the effect of 3 different educational materials on consumer's opinion of dairy. The three used are: 1. Control - https://www.myplate.gov/eat-healthy/dairy 2. Brochure: https://figshare.com/articles/figure/Untitled_item/15166713 3. Video: https://vimeo.com/518895384 Listen in to see how just 3 minutes change change the minds of your future dairy consumers! #2xAg2030 #JournalofDairyscience…

Dairy Science Digest

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DSD 2.8 | Consider Cobalt 14:00

4 years yang lalu14:00

14:00

Essential trace elements are “essential” because the diet is the only source. However, sometimes because they are trace, we tend to forget about the importance. Listen in this month to learn from Dr. David Casper about the importance of cobalt in energy metabolism of your lactating herd. This specific research project is discussing the difference between sources of cobalt, carbonate vs lactate. The title of the @JournalofDairyScience: Supplementing additional cobalt as cobalt lactate in a high forage total mixed ration fed to late lactation dairy cows, is currently in press in volume 104. The improved audio on this recording is thanks to a generous supporter of the Dairy Science Digest podcast. If you would like to donate, please reach out at: reagan@modairy.org . #2xAg2030…

Dairy Science Digest

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DSD 5.1 | Energy saved is energy earned 19:36

1 year yang lalu19:36

19:36

Efficient production is the name of the game, and the key to an efficient cow is her rumen microbiome. The highlighted research this month focuses in on the intersection of Genome of the host cow, Microbiome within the rumen and the Intersection of the two. To best understand the rumen efficiency story we talk this month with Dr. Guillermo Martinez Boggio from University of Wisconsin, about his recently released paper titled: Host and rumen microbiome contributions to feed efficiency traits in Holstein cows . Here they studied how the rumen and the host interact and if that interaction can become a selection trait in the future. Much of the discussion today is focused around Carbon chasing. Just like “a penny saved is a penny earned,” whenever carbon is conserved by the rumen microorganism, energy is conserved. This carbon unit of energy can then be used to produce more milk when conserved. Listen in to learn more about the interconnected web between the cow and her microbiome. Topics of discussion 1:52 Introduction of Dr. Guillermo Martinez Boggio 3:15 Description of project 3:41 Dry matter intake vs Residual feed intake 5:09 Efficient use of Carbon 7:04 Saved energy yields more 8:25 Community of rumen organisms 10:29 What model best served to identify the most efficient digestion 11:35 Using microbiome as another source of information used genomic equation 12:02 Genome | Microbiome | Interaction of MicrobiomeXGenome 12:17 The cow controls the rumen microbiome 12:51 Sire selection traits 14:08 How to obtain the most reliable breeding values 15:35 Using the rumen microorganisms for prediction and selection 16:45 Future research What do you want dairy producers to know from your research 17:21 Identify the “extreme” cows 18:12 Proxy traits Featured article: Host and rumen microbiome contributions to feed efficiency traits in Holstein cows . #2xAg2030; #journalofdairyscience; #openaccess; #MODAIRY; #microbiome; #methanereduction; #sustainabledairy; #rumen; #stillbirth; #dairysciencedigest; #ReaganBluel;…

Dairy Science Digest

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DSD 4.12 | Mature mamas sail through transition with beef cross calves 25:43

1 year yang lalu25:43

25:43

Beef on dairy is here to stay. These cross animals generate a revenue stream for dairies as it lubricates the parallel industry of beef production. Much research is being poured into this topic to ensure producers can make wise breeding choices going forward. This month we talk with Bailey Basiel from Penn State University, about their recently released paper titled: The impact of beef sire breed on dystocia, still birth, gestation length, health, and lactation performance of cows that carry beef x dairy calves. While we all know how desirable this cross calf is to the market, there’s very little knowledge about how these breedings impact the dam, until now. Listen in to how this research team sought to determine if there were any negative production implications to your dairy herd when you breed to beef. Topics of discussion 1:27 Introduction of Bailey Basiel 2:26 Objectives of the trial – Impact carrying beef on dairy calf might have on the dairy cow 3:24 Board invited review of Beef on Dairy 4:05 Historical background of Beef on Dairy 5:15 Calf fed Holstein model 7:54 Data set description 10:05 Beef semen description 10:47 Gestation length 13:00 Management changes based on gestation length 14:00 Wagyu crosses 15:00 Long gestation, does that equal stillbirth? 17:10 Health impacts for dams bred to beef semen 20:35 Next research / records needed for genetic assessment - 23:23 What do you want dairy producers to know from your research Featured article: The impact of beef sire breed on dystocia, still birth, gestation length, health, and lactation performance of cows that carry beef x dairy calves. Also mentioned in the discussion: Translational Animal Science Article - Beef on Dairy Review DSD 1.5 | Beef on Dairy – sire conception rate , Taylor McWhorter DSD 4.6 | Accounting for Accelerated genetic improvement , Dr. Asha Miles #2xAg2030; #journalofdairyscience; #openaccess; #MODAIRY; #beefondairy; #sexedsemen; #calffedmodel; #gestation; #stillbirth; #dairysciencedigest; #ReaganBluel;…

Dairy Science Digest

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DSD 4.11 | Reproduction Revolution 37:01

1 year yang lalu37:01

37:01

Over the past 30 years the reproduction status of dairy has improved substantially, largely due to research around reproduction synchronization. This month we talk to Dr. Paul Fricke and Megan Lauber from the University of Wisconsin, about their recently released paper titled: Effect of postpartum body condition score change on the pregnancy outcomes of lactating Jersey cows inseminated at first service with sexed Jersey or conventional beef semen after a synchronized estrus versus a synchronized ovulation. We discuss the how to maximize the equation of fertility, through management. Once optimized, you’ll find your herd entering the “high fertility cycle”. When all the stars align, production is high – disease is low and you are able to begin to stack reproductive technologies – such as genomically determined breedings using sexed and beef semen use following the ideal synchronization. Listen in to learn how to get your herd there and the physiology behind it. Topics of discussion 1:54 Introduction of Dr. Paul Fricke & Megan Lauber 4:23 Objectives of the trial – stacking reproductive strategies 3:34 On farm monitoring – data collected 6:10 Getting all the cows on day 7 – the key to unlocking fertility 7:44 The history of Luteolysis – why is it so critical? 9:57 Rate limiting step of pregnancy 12:03 2019-2021 xx and beef semen usage 13:54 Research protocols and design 16:20 Equation of reproduction; comparing double ovsync vs estrus 17:50 Estrus or Double ovsync for Sexed semen 16:14 Day 19 – 40 pregnancy loss 17:30 What’s happening when the GnRH shot is given? 22:13 The impact of Body Condition Score (BCS) change on fertility | >0.5 24:53 High fertility cycle 25:52 Not all cows loose condition through transition, those that did were impacted 26:38 Results: Double ovsync helps mitigate poor transition ( Figure 4 ) 29:09 Why does it work? What physiology controls it? 30:15 Fat regulates GnRH?! 32:30 What do you want dairy producers to know from your research Featured article: Effect of postpartum body condition score c hange on the pregnancy outcomes of lactating Jersey cows inseminated at first service with sexed Jersey or conventional beef semen after a synchronized estrus versus a synchronized ovulation. Also mentioned in the discussion: Characterization of semen type prevalence and allocation in Holstein and Jersey females in the United States #2xAg2030; #journalofdairyscience; #openaccess; #MODAIRY; #reproductionrevolution; #highfertilitycycle; #Ovsync; #DoubleOvSync; #transition; #transitiondairy; #dairysciencedigest; #ReaganBluel…

Dairy Science Digest

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DSD 4.10 | Prevent Early Embryonic Losses 30:33

2 years yang lalu30:33

30:33

Pregnancy is the key to profitability, ensuring your herd remains in the most profitable phase of production. However, these early embryos are delicate and often are not carried out through the entire 283 days of gestation. This month we talk with Dr. Stephen LaBlanc , from the University of Guelph about quantifying the frequency of early pregnancy loss in healthy animal and his team’s quest to determine the impact of a failed transition on the cow’s ability to carry the pregnancy to term. Through management, a producer can prevent the spiral of negative events that result in increased odds of pregnancy loss. The research team determined day 19 pregnancy and tracked the success, or failure, through day 63. Listen in to hear what different parameters they found to have an increased probability of early pregnancy loss. These findings were published in the Journal of Dairy Science article titled, “The associations of inflammatory and reproductive tract disorders postpartum and early pregnancy loss in dairy cows” This open access article, is available for download to view while you listen in! Topics of discussion 1:32 Introduction of Dr. LaBlanc 2:15 Description of Research Herds 3:34 On farm monitoring – data collected 5:55 Uterine sampling 7:32 Uterine cytology at 5 weeks postpartum 8:53 Blood progesterone 9:53 Common cycling rate in early lactation 10:52 Day 19 pregnancy analysis 14:03 Figure 1: Predicted probably of pregnancy – Healthy vs diseased transition 15:19 Conception frequency 16:14 Day 19 – 40 pregnancy loss 17:30 Metritis hangover 18:34 Figure 2: Predicted probably of pregnancy – number of clinical disease 20:00 Single disease vs multiple clinical diseases impact on pregnancy loss 22:31 Driving force to what predicts pregnancy loss in a dairy herd 24:13 One in Five cows 24:49 One two punch of failure 25:05 Inflammation effect on the ovary 27:53 What do you want dairy producers to know from your research #2xAg2030; #journalofdairyscience; @jdairyscience; #openaccess; #MODAIRY; #earlyembryonicloss; #pregloss, #Ploss; #transition; #transitiondairy; #dairysciencedigest; #ReaganBluel https://www.journalofdairyscience.org/article/S0022-0302(23)00726-9/fulltext…

Dairy Science Digest

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DSD 4.9 | Is your starch locked up by Zein proteins? 28:48

2 years yang lalu28:48

28:48

Corn silage is such piece in your ration. Much work has been done by corn breeders to create the most ideal plant with high yields, digestible forage AND starch to support lactation. This month we talk with Dr. José Varela and feature a foundational silage project he and his team worked on at the University of Wisconsin to better understand specifically how zein proteins around corn starch particles change overtime when fermented. Corn breeders throughout the Land Grant University system collaborate and work hard to ensure the next line of genetically superior forage will perform on your operation - but genetics can only go so far. Silage inventory management ensures that the perfect alignment of fully fermented feed for your herd. This project studied the differences in nutrient availability between 0, 1, 2, 4 & 8 months of fermentation. Listen in to best understand the risks of feeding green chop. This timely topic is released while many dairies are in the field, or having just finished up with harvest. Take a listen in to best understand the value gained towards improving starch availability for your herd. These findings were published in the Journal of Dairy Science featured article titled, “ Effect of Endosperm Type and Storage Length of Whole Plant Corn Silage on Nitrogen Fraction, Fermentation Products, Zein Profile and Starch Digestibility” Open access, available for download. Topics of discussion 1:51 Introduction of Dr. Varela 4:00 Kernel Research – Starch matrix 4:54 Description of the corn anatomy 5:30 Three major structures of the kernel 7:11 Vitreousness of the corn kernel 7:45 Role of land grants in research 8:41 Improving the kernel endosperm could also have agronomic flaws 9:58 The process of plot research – self vs cross fertilization to study kernel change 12:19 Chopping silage 12:33 Fermentation over time 13:17 How did the silage change over time 14:08 Results 15:28 α-zeins break down during fermentation 16:03 Figure 2 16:30 Feeding Green Chop 18:42 Drought and high temperatures 21:05 Silage analysis 22:17 Invitro starch digestibility: vitreousness or α-zeins? 23:53 What would you like boots on the ground to know about your research project? 25:17 Forage inventory – make a plan 26:26 Inoculate with protease? #2xAg2030; #journalofdairyscience; @jdairyscience; #openaccess; #MODAIRY; #protease; #landgrantresearch; #cornsilage, #starch; #milkyieldperacre; #agronomics, #dairysciencedigest; #ReaganBluel https://www.journalofdairyscience.org/article/S0022-0302(23)00558-1/pdf…

Dairy Science Digest

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DSD 4.8 | How does grass-based milk impact human nutrition? 37:37

2 years yang lalu37:37

37:37

Research in Ireland is focused around better understanding the intersection of management and cattle nutrition on the quality of the milk produced within a system. This month we talk specifically about three different feeding strategies – TMR, PMR or grass based investigated for an entire lactation. The vast majority of Irish dairymen attempt to maximize use of grass as the primary feed source for their nation’s dairy herd. Therefore food scientists Dr. André Brodkorb and Mark Timlin and team at Teagasc in Ireland set out to capture quantifiable differences in the milk between systems. Listen in this month to learn more about the changes in milk quality that could have marketing implications. In addition to shifts in fatty acid profile they also captured milk processing parameter changes. We discuss the possible role that might have on preparing milk for their export markets. These findings were published in the Journal of Dairy Science featured article titled, Impact of varying levels of pasture allowance on the nutritional quality and functionality of milk throughout lactation” Open access, available for download. Topics of discussion 2:23 Introduction of researchers 7:11 Describe the Research Herd 8:27 Fatty Acid Analysis 11:00 Biologically relevant CLAs 11:26 Description of 2 types of trans-fatty acids 11:58 CLA concentration differences 12:25 Omega 3 Fatty Acid concentrations 12:44 Increase of ‘good fats’ 13:39 Decreased total fat production 15:16 Somatic Cell count differences – Figure 1 17:38 Figure 3 – separate feeding systems visually by FA 17:56 Figure 4 – visual heat map distinguishing dietary trt 18:42 Biomarkers to determine the difference between grass and TMR 21:36 Expect a production volume decrease 22:43 Grass fed dairy standards 24:21 Pilot scale test products for human intervention trial 27:49 Changes in milk and the impact on processing 30:52 UHT pasteurization and impact on nutrition, AA & FA 34:32 What would you like boots on the ground to know about your research project. #2xAg2030; #journalofdairyscience; @jdairyscience; #openaccess; #MODAIRY; #grassbasedmilk; #CLA, #grazing; #seasonaldairy; #fattyacid, #dairysciencedigest; #ReaganBluel https://www.journalofdairyscience.org/article/S0022-0302(23)00433-2/fulltext…

Dairy Science Digest

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DSD 4.7 | Ketosis and Antioxidant ability - Chicken or the egg? 20:19

2 years yang lalu20:19

20:19

DSD 4.7 | Is there a relationship between Ketosis and antioxidant ability For years, dairy producers have worked towards best understanding all the challenges a cow experiences as she transitions from dry into lactation. If we can best identify the animals who take this transition in stride, we can work towards improving the single most challenging part of dairy production. This month, we are joined by two Belgium researchers looking to examine the relationship between antioxidant activity and ketotis, specifically BHBA. Dr. Fievez , ruminant nutritionist at Ghent University - in Belgium, worked with PhD candidate MQ Zhang to study the metabolic and antioxidant parameters of 110 animals through transition. Listen in to hear what you can learn about the complex transition dairy cow! These findings were published in the Journal of Dairy Science article titled, “Transition cow clusters with distinctive antioxidant ability and their relation to performance and metabolic status in early lactation.” Open access, available for download. Topics of discussion 3:17 Importance of determining Antioxidative Ability 4:44 Hypothesis – structure of the project 5:16 Metabolic parameters studied and their relationship to oxidation 5:31 Background of BHBA 6:02 Negative energy balance - 6:27 NEFA and Low or High antioxidant activity 6:58 Cows with Lower Antioxidant activity have lower milk yield 7:46 Oxidative Stress and damage – what does it look like? 9:29 How the cow Balances – monitor enzyme profile 10:19 Description of the research herd 11:07 Results – Figure 6; cows with HAA in early lactation, rarely develop metabolic disease 12:33 How NEFA add to oxidative status 12:49 Oxidative action and immune function 16:09 LAA – Higher BHBA – tended to be higher NEFA 18:01 What do you want boots on the ground dairymen to know? 18:49 Dietary inclusion 19:20 Closure #2xAg2030; #journalofdairyscience; @jdairyscience; #openaccess; #MODAIRY; #antioxidant; #earlylactation, #transition; #transitiondairy; #ketosis, #BHBA; #ReaganBluel https://www.journalofdairyscience.org/article/S0022-0302(23)00351-X/fulltext…

Dairy Science Digest

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DSD 4.6 | Accounting for accelerated genetic improvement 26:08

2 years yang lalu26:08

26:08

Producers are becoming increasingly willing to make strides in the herd’s genetic progress through using embryo transfer (ET). We’ve seen a 12% increase in this management practice. Dr. Asha Miles , a Research Geneticist from USDA, talks with us about the sire evaluation program and specifically about the impact of on farm reporting of embryo transfer on the data set. Dr. Miles describes a dataset, updated 3x/year, available to all - accessible through the US Council on Dairy Cattle Breeding portal. This dataset can help producers unlock answers to questions about ideal sires for the herd. She recommends (1) the queries tab if you’re looking for a specific animal who has been genotyped and (2) Top Animal Listing where you can identify the ideal sire on specific indexes or traits. These findings were published in the Journal of Dairy Science article titled, “Improving national fertility evaluations by accounting for the rapid rise of embryo transfer in US dairy cattle.” Open access, available for download. Topics of discussion 2:34 Greater than 90 million data points, verification of reproductive performance and collection of data 3:43 Overview of trends in the industry 4:04 Figure 1: Embryo Transfer – recent changes ( Figure available on page 5 ) 6:09 Why has ET increased so much over the past 2 years? 8:14 Sire conception data – identifying / addressing unreported ET implant in dataset to improve genetic evaluations through an edit, to limit bias. 10:28 Talk about Young sires – how can producers be sure that they are using reliable sires 11:55 Some of the bulls with the biggest change in PTAs with our edits were Young Bulls 14:37 How can dairy producers better report data to ensure they are captured 16:44 Transfer of data from herd software 17:44 Sires of the next generation ( Figure 6 available on page 10 ) 18:38 US Council of Dairy Cattle Breeding (USCDCB)– where can they find and what should producers be looking for? 20:10 Net Merit – economic index – Lifetime profit potential 21:11 Personalizing matings 22:44 Reach out – ask for help if you want to advance your herd 24:13 If you have research ideas for USDA reach out #2xAg2030; #journalofdairyscience; @jdairyscience; #openaccess; #MODAIRY; #sireconception; #SCR, #ET; #embryotransfer; #youngsires, #dairysciencedigest; #ReaganBluel https://www.journalofdairyscience.org/article/S0022-0302(23)00286-2/pdf…

Dairy Science Digest

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DSD 4.5 | Achieve Efficiency with Low N Rations 21:03

2 years yang lalu21:03

21:03

Protein is expensive. Farms decreasing protein to save cost or save the environment creates a need to tweak a few things to keep your herd’s rumen running smooth. A rumen starved of protein will result in less branch chained volatile fatty acids (BCVFA) production in the rumen. These BCVFAs help fuel fiber degrading bacteria, and when concentrations are right, digestive efficiency improves – unlocking home-grown, fibrous energy for your herd. This month we talk with Ohio State’s Dr. Jeffrey Firkins about the work he’s done with Zinpro to find the ideal concentration and combinations of isoacids in your ration. A discussion about how isoacids will change efficiency through improved milk fat production in your multiparous cows and even how this could impact the overall quality of your milk for the consumer. These are all part of this month’s discussion featuring the Journal of Dairy Science article: “ Assessing milk response to different combinations of branched-chain volatile fatty acids and valerate in Jersey cows ” Unlock nitrogen efficiency through improved fiber digestion and see how it impacts your farm's bottom line. Listen in to learn more today! #2xAg2030; #journalofdairyscience; @jdairyscience; #openaccess; #MODAIRY; #fiberdigestability; #Zinpro; #isoacid; #dairysciencedigest; #ReaganBluel…

Dairy Science Digest

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DSD 4.4 | Early Estrus Settles Cows 24:21

2 years yang lalu24:21

24:21

What if you were able to tell within the first 10-14 days of lactation, if a cow would settle to first service – two months later? What tools are being developed to help answer that question? This month we talk with Dr. Stefan Borchardt about work his research team recently completed using AMS (activity monitoring systems) to track the impact of transition, on estrus expression and corelate that to reproductive success or failure. Understanding the correlations described in this month’s feature article: “ Effect of transition cow health and estrous expression detected by an automated activity monitoring system within 60 days in milk on reproductive performance of lactating Holstein cows ” will help managers link physiological changes to an AMS data set and make tangible changes to improve their reproduction program. Early estrous sets the cow up for success, and AMS will become a data driven way to assess this. Listen in today! #2xAg2030; #journalofdairyscience; @jdairyscience; #openaccess; #MODAIRY; #AMS; #estrous; #VWP; #dairysciencedigest; #ReaganBluel…

Dairy Science Digest

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DSD 4.3 | Financial thresholds of successful dairies in NY 35:27

2 years yang lalu35:27

35:27

The dairy industry is capital intensive. Maintaining strong relationships with your lender, based on YOUR farm’s financial data, will help navigate through all the different market conditions. Specifically, using financial thresholds and benchmarking against similar farms will help your farm’s financial resiliency over time. This month Dr. Chris Wolf joins us from Cornell to discuss the article is titled, “ Financial risk and resiliency on US dairy farms: Measures, thresholds, and management implications ”. Listen in to this deep dive into the metrics the Cornell dairy team used to benchmark over a 10-year period. Additionally, we discuss the recent Silicon Valley bale out and if we should expect it to have any impact on Ag Lending. Understanding these key financial thresholds is an effective management tool for successful herds throughout New York, listen in to see what they can do for your farm! #2xAg2030; #journalofdairyscience; @jdairyscience; #openaccess; #MODAIRY; #benchmark; #FINBIN; #CornellBusinessSummary; #financialresiliency…

Dairy Science Digest

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DSD 4.2 | How to anticipate colostrum changes 29:12

2 years yang lalu29:12

29:12

Colostrum: the liquid gold of life for newborn dairy calves. While it’s fairly universally understood how important colostrum is, we occasionally encounter the bizarre situation when a cow comes in with very little or no colostrum. Then, shortly later another cow comes in and nearly overflows the bucket. This situation intrigued researchers out of New York to closely study 19 Holstein herds in attempt to find associations of management to colostrum yield and quantity. Listen in to Trent Westhoff from Cornell as he discusses the recently published article titled, " Epidemiology of bovine colostrum production in New York Holstein herds: Cow, management, and environmental factors ". You'll learn about the all the associations that can impact colostrum quantity and quality such as barn lighting, dry period management, parity and more. By anticipating these colostrum inventories you'll ultimately become a better manager of your newborn calves - Listen in! To read the full Open access JDS article: https://www.journalofdairyscience.org/article/S0022-0302(22)00750-0/pdf #2xAg2030; #journalofdairyscience; @jdairyscience; #openaccess; #MODAIRY…

Dairy Science Digest

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DSD 4.1 | Fueling the appetite of your herd 20:29

2 years yang lalu20:29

20:29

A good rule of thumb many nutritionists work by; when the cow increases intake - every 1 pound of feed increase will result in 2.5 additional pounds of milk. Capturing this “marginal milk” helps increase profits for dairy producers who are already covering all the fixed costs of the herd. For years, Dr. Mike Allen and others have studied the mechanisms that control intake so we can learn how to tweak our diet to maximize intake. This month Dr. Barry Bradford joins us from Michigan State University to discuss the article is titled, “ Fueling Appetite: Nutrient metabolism and the control of feed intake ”. Listen in to this symposium review on this important topic to learn how we can manipulate the ration ingredients, or fuel source, to help increase her drive to eat and prevent negative feedback. Understanding these mechanisms can help us better read and manage the herd’s needs through all phases of production and capture these profit margin opportunities. #2xAg2030; #journalofdairyscience; @jdairyscience; #openaccess; #MODAIRY…

Dairy Science Digest

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DSD 3.12 | One minute delay is costing you 23:18

2 years yang lalu23:18

23:18

On-farm data mining from your parlor equipment could help you identify bimodality in your herd. Bimodality refers to delayed milk ejection during the early phase of the milking. Previous research and repeated work by M. Wieland’s team has shown that a delay in milk let down can result in a significant loss of milk. Equipped with this information our guest this month, Dr. Matthias Wieland, would take a sophisticated tool on farms to test parlor efficiency and effectiveness in milkout. One trip he wondered – Could we reliability use parlor equipment to make similar assessments? This month we learn the answer to that question highlighted in the featured article, “ Comparison of 2 types of milk flow meters for detecting bimodality in dairy cows ”. Listen in to learn more about the negative impacts of bimodality in your herd, what parlor equipment can do to help and ultimately how to motivate the parlor staff to break the cycle of bimodality. A little attention on this low hanging fruit could make a big impact in your bottomline - your software may be collecting all the information needed to manage through bimodality. For more information visit: Quality milk production services (QMPS) https://www.vet.cornell.edu/animal-health-diagnostic-center/programs/quality-milk-production Other Recently published, relevant articles from Wieland Risk factors for delayed milk ejection in Holstein dairy cows milked 3 times per day , Wieland et al. Journal of Dairy Science June 27, 2022 The effect of 2 different premilking stimulation regimens, with and without manual forestripping, on teat tissue condition and milking performance in Holstein dairy cows milked 3 times daily J. Dairy Sci. 2020 #2xAg2030; #journalofdairyscience; @jdairyscience; #openaccess; #MODAIRY…

Dairy Science Digest

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DSD 3.11 | Ultrasound assessment of pneumonia 26:02

2 years yang lalu26:02

26:02

Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is a costly concern primarily during the calf phase production. This is especially relevant to veal production, when young and venerable calves are commingled from many farms. However, BVD breakouts can also occur on calf ranches raising dairy x beef calves or even individual dairy farms. This month Dr. Stan Jourquin joins us from Ghent University in Belgium to discuss his article is titled, “ Dynamics of subclinical pneumonia in male dairy calves in relation to antimicrobial therapy and production outcomes ”. Listen in to learn how pneumonia might be lurking in your herd without your knowledge. Consider ways to use ultrasound as a tool to quickly and reliability assess animals upon receipt to allow for differential management. Overall losses, from chronically ill animals, could be decreased by warding off the spread of infection and promoting early cure. Once lungs are severely consolidated, these animals are 4.2x more likely to become chronic and experience -0.25 lbs average daily gain over this phase of production. For more information visit: Open access Journal article: https://www.journalofdairyscience.org/article/S0022-0302(22)00644-0/fulltext UC Davis BRD Clinical symptom scoring system: https://www.vmtrc.ucdavis.edu/sites/g/files/dgvnsk5141/files/local_resources/pdfs/BRD_ANR_Brochure_Nov%202016%20FINAL.PDF #2xAg2030; #journalofdairyscience; @jdairyscience; #openaccess; #MODAIRY…

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