The Institute for the Study of Ancient Cultures of the University of Chicago is a leading research center for the ancient Middle East. The museum houses some 350,000 artifacts — around 5,000 of which are on display — excavated mainly by ISAC archaeologists. Founded in 1919, at a time when the Middle East was called the Orient, ISAC has pioneered innovative excavations and comprehensive dictionary projects that chronicle ancient civilizations. The ISAC Museum aims to understand, reveal, and protect ancient Middle Eastern civilizations.