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Konten disediakan oleh Professor Colin Elliott. Semua konten podcast termasuk episode, grafik, dan deskripsi podcast diunggah dan disediakan langsung oleh Professor Colin Elliott atau mitra platform podcast mereka. Jika Anda yakin seseorang menggunakan karya berhak cipta Anda tanpa izin, Anda dapat mengikuti proses yang diuraikan di sini https://id.player.fm/legal.
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1 Close Encounters with UFO Hot Spots: Area 51, Roswell, and the Great ET Road Trip 39:50
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The truth is out West! We’re hopping on the ET Highway and venturing to the most notorious alien hot spots, including Roswell’s infamous crash site, Area 51’s eerie perimeter, and a mysterious desert watchtower. Join us as journalist Laura Krantz, host of the podcast Wild Thing , beams up to share stories from the front lines of UFO reporting—from strange sightings and quirky festivals to a mailbox where people leave letters to extraterrestrials. Maybe you’ll even decide for yourself: Is Earth a tourist stop for spaceships? UFO hot spots you’ll encounter in this episode: - UFO Watchtower (near Great Sand Dunes National Park, Colorado) - Roswell, New Mexico - Area 51, Nevada - Extraterrestrial Highway (aka State Route 375), Nevada - Little A’Le’Inn, ET Highway, Nevada - E.T. Fresh Jerky, ET Highway, Nevada - Alien Research Center, ET Highway, Nevada - The Black Mailbox, ET Highway, Nevada Via Podcast is a production of AAA Mountain West Group .…
The Pax Romana Podcast
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Konten disediakan oleh Professor Colin Elliott. Semua konten podcast termasuk episode, grafik, dan deskripsi podcast diunggah dan disediakan langsung oleh Professor Colin Elliott atau mitra platform podcast mereka. Jika Anda yakin seseorang menggunakan karya berhak cipta Anda tanpa izin, Anda dapat mengikuti proses yang diuraikan di sini https://id.player.fm/legal.
The assassination of Julius Caesar 2,000 years ago unleashed a wild era of Roman emperors, dark conspiracies, intense battles, economic booms and busts and profound religious shifts. Was this truly the Roman Empire's golden age? On the weekly Pax Romana Podcast, Historian Colin Elliott brings gripping stories from Roman history to life. Dive into history starting in episode 1 , or pick your poison from our catalogue: the birth of the empire in the Age of Augustus, Nero's Great Fire, the rise of Christianity, the wisdom and wars of Marcus Aurelius or the military chaos of the third century AD.
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92 episode
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Manage series 3648085
Konten disediakan oleh Professor Colin Elliott. Semua konten podcast termasuk episode, grafik, dan deskripsi podcast diunggah dan disediakan langsung oleh Professor Colin Elliott atau mitra platform podcast mereka. Jika Anda yakin seseorang menggunakan karya berhak cipta Anda tanpa izin, Anda dapat mengikuti proses yang diuraikan di sini https://id.player.fm/legal.
The assassination of Julius Caesar 2,000 years ago unleashed a wild era of Roman emperors, dark conspiracies, intense battles, economic booms and busts and profound religious shifts. Was this truly the Roman Empire's golden age? On the weekly Pax Romana Podcast, Historian Colin Elliott brings gripping stories from Roman history to life. Dive into history starting in episode 1 , or pick your poison from our catalogue: the birth of the empire in the Age of Augustus, Nero's Great Fire, the rise of Christianity, the wisdom and wars of Marcus Aurelius or the military chaos of the third century AD.
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92 episode
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The Pax Romana Podcast

1 The Militarization of the Roman Empire - The Pax Romana Podcast 80 21:35
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The Roman Empire under Diocletian saw sweeping changes that reshaped its core. Provinces were reorganized and multiplied to tighten administrative control. The bureaucracy swelled, with tens of thousands of officials managing the sprawling empire. Peasants were bound to the land they worked, securing a steady flow of taxes and labor. Meanwhile, the military's reach deepened, its influence seeping into daily life. Donate: https://www.paypal.com/ncp/payment/WZTWCMWCJJYFC YouTube Channel: https://www.youtube.com/@ProfCPE Buy Professor Elliott's newest book: Pox Romana: The Plague that Shook the Roman World .…
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1 The Tetrarchy - The Pax Romana Podcast 79 21:34
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Diocletian a low-born Illyrian, rose to emperor in a period of crisis. Instead of waiting for another civil war to erupt, he appointed Maximian to co-rule with him, and handle the problematic western empire. But as problems with invading armies and usurpers continued, Diocletian took the dramatic step of appointing additional emperors in AD 293, establishing the Tetrarchy ('Rule of Four Men'). This militarized system concentrated power in the hands of four absolute autocrats, sidelining the Senate and marking the shift from Principate to Dominate. Donate: https://www.paypal.com/ncp/payment/WZTWCMWCJJYFC YouTube Channel: https://www.youtube.com/@ProfCPE Buy Professor Elliott's newest book: Pox Romana: The Plague that Shook the Roman World .…
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1 Diocletian's Rise - The Pax Romana Podcast 78 20:54
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Turmoil resumed following Emperor Aurelian’s assassination in AD 275. Rapidly changing emperors, barbarian invasions and internal strife defined the years 275-284. Within this chaos, Diocles, a low-born Dalmatian soldier, seized power in 284. But instead of joining the long list of warlords that only temporarily won power before falling in civil war, he laid a new foundation for a transformative era in Roman politics. Donate: https://www.paypal.com/ncp/payment/WZTWCMWCJJYFC YouTube Channel: https://www.youtube.com/@ProfCPE Buy Professor Elliott's newest book: Pox Romana: The Plague that Shook the Roman World .…
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1 What are the Best Roman History Books? - The Pax Romana Podcast QA10 30:20
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Students often ask me for Roman Empire book recommendations. Listeners have as well. It is easy to find popular histories, but here I discuss eleven excellent hidden gems--books that are great for the causal reader, but robust enough that I’ve used them in my research and teaching. These aren’t popular titles, but they’re brilliantly crafted by leading academics, diving deep into Rome’s history, culture, religion and economy. Each book is well-written, accessible, and budget-friendly, perfect for history fans and students eager to explore Rome’s epic story. Book List: Rome: An Empire’s Story by Greg Woolf The Fall of the Roman Empire by Peter Heather Marcus Aurelius by Antony Birley World Full of Gods by Keith Hopkins The Rise of Christianity: A Sociologist Reconsiders History by Rodney Stark Perpetua’s Journey: Faith, Gender, and Power in the Roman Empire by Jennifer A. Rea and Liz Clarke From Caesar to Augustus: Using Coins as Sources by Clare Rowan Hypatia: The Life and Legend of an Ancient Philosopher by Edward Watts The Roman Empire: Roots of Imperialism by Neville Morley The Roman Market Economy by Peter Temin The Roman Empire: Economy, Society and Culture by Peter Garnsey and Richard Saller Donate: https://www.paypal.com/ncp/payment/WZTWCMWCJJYFC YouTube Channel: https://www.youtube.com/@ProfCPE Buy Professor Elliott's newest book: Pox Romana: The Plague that Shook the Roman World .…
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1 Was Seneca a True Stoic or Fraud? - The Pax Romana Podcast 19:15
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Lucius Annaeus Seneca, the 1st-century Roman Stoic, sparks endless debate. His works, like Letters to Lucilius and On the Shortness of Life , preach virtue, simplicity, and resilience. Yet, Seneca amassed a fortune of 300 million sesterces, owned lavish villas and advised Nero. Critics call him a hypocrite. His Stoic writings inspire, but do they align with his actions? This tension defines his legacy. Was Seneca a true Stoic, or was he a fraud?…
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1 Who is My Favorite Roman Emperor? - The Pax Romana Podcast 18:36
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Listeners and students have asked me who my favorite Roman emperor is. Lists of the "best" emperors often highlight giants like Augustus, Trajan, and Marcus Aurelius—undeniably impressive for their conquests and governance. But my favorite, for personal reasons, is a man overlooked by many historians and dismissed by the writers of his time. A blue-blooded elite, he seized power in a chaotic coup, faced senatorial scorn, yet ruled effectively. He expanded the empire, improved infrastructure, and, remarkably, seemed to enjoy himself while doing it. Who is this underappreciated emperor? Check out the episode to find out. Donate: https://www.paypal.com/ncp/payment/WZTWCMWCJJYFC YouTube Channel: https://www.youtube.com/@ProfCPE Buy Professor Elliott's newest book: Pox Romana: The Plague that Shook the Roman World .…
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1 Was Rome's Grain Dole a Benefit or a Burden? - The Pax Romana Podcast 23:20
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Ancient Rome--the heart of an empire--was fed by a vast network of ships and storehouses that brought grain from distant lands like Egypt and Africa. The Roman state orchestrated this colossal effort, called the Annona , to feed its citizens, a feat unmatched in the pre-industrial world. But behind this marvel lay a darker story—rural farmers stripped of their harvests, urban masses dependent on handouts and a system driven by political ambition. Today, we’ll explore this complex machine that kept Rome alive and ask: was the Roman government’s grain dole system helpful or harmful?…
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1 Was Jesus a Historical Figure? - The Pax Romana Podcast 17:40
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In first-century Galilee, King Herod Antipas’s stable rule provided a relatively peaceful setting for Jesus of Nazareth, born around 4 BC, to emerge as a Jewish preacher, promoting repentance and the kingdom of God. Conversely, Judea faced turmoil under Roman prefects like Pontius Pilate. By around AD 30, Jesus entered Jerusalem, and was crucified within a week. But was Jesus a mere mythological figure, or did he really exist? Ancient sources outside the New testament canon in fact confirm that Jesus was real. Josephus’s Antiquities (AD 93–94) describes Jesus as a wise man crucified under Pilate; Tacitus’s Annals (AD 116) notes “Christus” suffered 'the extreme penalty'; Pliny the Younger’s letters (AD 112) affirm a growing movement of Christ-followers almost a century after Jesus' crucifixion.…
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1 Did Roman Emperors Employ Spies? - The Pax Romana Podcast 15:38
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Roman emperors governed a sprawling empire, from Britain to Syria—but how did they maintain control over such vast lands? Did they rely on spies to monitor their enemies and ensure loyalty? Enter the frumentarii, a mysterious group of soldiers originally tasked with grain supply. History reveals they evolved into agents of espionage, assassination, and taxation, serving emperors like Hadrian and Severus. This episode uncovers their shadowy roles—and why their power crumbled under Diocletian.…
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1 Did Ancient Romans Trust Their Own Money? - The Pax Romana Podcast 15:24
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Did Romans trust their money? Roman officials required legal exchange rates, but not everyone obeyed them--especially when mints adulterated or debased precious metal coinage. Only scant evidence of rebellion survives, but there are hints that show Romans inventing new conventions--some quite elegant. How overt was monetary defiance? Marcus Cornelius Fronto, famed rhetorician and tutor to Emperor Marcus Aurelius, once told the emperor in a letter: “Cleave to the old coinage”. Romans trusted coins when they were reliable, but were skeptical of newly debased coin .…
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1 Was the Assassination of Julius Caesar Justified? - The Pax Romana Podcast 19:29
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On March 15, 44 BC, Julius Caesar, appointed dictator for life, was assassinated by senators led by Marcus Brutus and Gaius Cassius. Caesar’s dictatorship, his military conquests, populist reforms and unprecedented power seemed like the style of monarchy the Republic was meant to guard against. The conspirators against Caesar justified the killing as a constitutional defense against tyranny. Yet, their motives were questionable, and the outcome of the assassinate simply led to more tyranny. So was the assassination of Julius Caesar justified?…
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1 Why Did Rome Conquer Gaul? - The Pax Romana Podcast 17:10
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In 58 BC, Julius Caesar embarked on a campaign that transformed Gaul—modern France, Belgium, and beyond—into a Roman province . What propelled this conquest? Strategic fears had long haunted Rome, from the Gallic sack of the 390s BC to Germanic pressures across the Rhine. Economic prospects tantalized as well. Yet Caesar’s ambition loomed largest, and his victories reshaped what had been a frontier into the Roman Empire’s heartland.…
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1 When Did Rome First Build a Navy? - The Pax Romana Podcast 21:44
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Rome’s early Republic leaned on its legions, with no real navy to speak of—until Carthage, a sea-dominating empire, sparked the First Punic War in 264 BC. Exposed and outmatched, Rome turned the tide in 261 BC, reverse-engineering a captured Carthaginian ship to craft a fleet of quinqueremes. Armed with ingenious corvus boarding bridges, Rome's new navy stunned Carthage, and launched Rome as a Mediterranean powerhouse. How did land-locked Rome master the seas?…
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1 Aurelian and the Restoration of the Roman Empire - The Pax Romana Podcast 77 21:40
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Aurelian—a gritty Balkan soldier—seized a crumbling Roman Empire in AD 270. His five-year reign still stuns: how did he crush Germanic hordes, topple Zenobia’s Palmyrene Empire and reunite the Gallic Empire under Roman rule? But Aurelian was more than a conqueror. He constructed miles of walls around Rome, and erected a massive temple to Sol Invictus--god of the unconquered sun.…
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1 The Breakup of the Roman Empire - The Pax Romana Podcast 76 16:57
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As a lethal plague tore through Rome, Persian king Sapor I struck the Empire’s east, capturing Emperor Valerian—a staunch senator and fierce Christian persecutor—after his bold counterattack failed. Internal strife and external foes shattered Rome into three warring realms: the Gallic and Palmyrene Empires rose amidst the chaos. Would the third century witness Rome’s doom?…
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1 Ancient Cultural Christianity (Christianity in the Roman Empire 2/5) - The Pax Romana Podcast 062 15:16
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How did early Christians negotiate their identity in a polytheistic society? Cultural norms around pluralism, sex and military service presented serious challenges to Christians. Many self-identified Christians sough to merge mainstream culture with their faith.
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The Pax Romana Podcast

1 Life in the early Christian Church (Christianity in the Roman Empire 1/5) - The Pax Romana Podcast 061 20:07
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Christianity adapted, spread, and solidified its identity in the second century AD. What was everyday life like for those who called themselves Christians in this pivotal ancient age? How strict was membership in the early church? To what extent were soldiers permitted? Donate: https://www.paypal.com/ncp/payment/WZTWCMWCJJYFC YouTube Channel: https://www.youtube.com/@ProfCPE Buy Professor Elliott's newest book: Pox Romana: The Plague that Shook the Roman World .…
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1 The Emperor Septimius Severus - The Pax Romana Podcast 060 13:52
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Septimius Severus entered Rome in AD 197 as undisputed emperor, following several years of bloody civil war. He stationed a full legion near Rome to ensure that no one could do what he had done: conquer his own empire. Septimius was a friend to his soldiers, debasing his own currency to increase soldier soldiers pay. He then turned back to what he knew best: conquest--launching a campaign against the Parthian Empire in Persia.…
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1 The Year of the Five Emperors - The Pax Romana Podcast 059 16:17
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In the Year of the Five Emperors, Septimius Severus, a governor from Pannonia, maneuvered to become unquestioned emperor amidst several capable rivals. He first allied with Clodius Albinus in the west, naming him Caesar and heir, while eliminating a second rival, Pescennius Niger, in the east. Albinus would subsequently invade Gaul--bringing his forces into a massive battle at Lugdunum. Were these men really emperors, or just warlords?…
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1 Empire for Sale - The Pax Romana Podcast 058 15:40
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After the assassination of Commodus, Pertinax, an experienced governor and military officer, steped up to take the purple. He was a fiscal conservative and a disciplinarian. But the Roman Empire had fundamentally changed, and his own praetorian guard soon removed him from office. he empire bizarrely veered towards an auction-like scenario, where two men vie for power through financial promises to the praetorians.…
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1 The Curse of Commodus - The Pax Romana Podcast 057 18:53
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Following the an epidemic and engineered riot in the capital in A.D. 190, Commodus emerged as a self-proclaimed god and gladiator, reshaping Rome in his image. He renamed cities, months, and even the Senate after himself, declaring his invincibility and divine status. His rule became a spectacle of cruelty and farce, culminating in a plot by his inner circle, leading to his assassination. Today, we explore how Commodus' reign, marked by both survival and excess, mirrored the chaos of his time, ultimately sealing the fate of the Pax Romana.…
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1 Conspiracies in the Age of Commodus - The Pax Romana Podcast 056 23:24
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Commodus, son of Marcus Aurelius, faced serious plots against his life. So he isolated himself from senators and other advisors, frittered away his time getting drunk and racing horses and left Rome under the care of ambitious, ruthless and corrupt men. Eventually, an apparent conspiracy of elites took power back by engineering a riot in the capital city. The soldiers responsible for keeping the peace mysteriously allowed and even aided the rioters. How did Commodus handle the disorder in Rome?…
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1 Commodus: Born to the Purple - The Pax Romana Podcast 055 15:42
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Commodus was "born to the purple," inheriting the throne from his father, Marcus Aurelius. The young emperor had much that suggested his reign would be successful: excellent advisors and tutors, charming looks and an inscrutable pedigree in the line of Rome's greatest emperors. As this episode shows, his initial years bore out these high expectations, but strangely, his relationships began to sour. Senators and even members of his own family plotted against his life.…
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1 The Golden Age Ends - The Pax Romana Podcast 054 25:13
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Marcus Aurelius was not just an eye-witness to the Pax Roman's end, but he was a crucial player in the drama as it unfolded. We are fortunate to have a unique insight into Marcus' mind in his Meditations --a collection of private notes to himself that somehow survived the ravages of time. Unfortunately for Marcus, he died shortly after writing them; as did Rome's Golden Age.…
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1 The Darkest Years of Marcus Aurelius - The Pax Romana Podcast 053 21:33
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This episode explores the tumultuous period of Marcus Aurelius's reign between AD 175-178. Marcus had to deal with a rebellion in Egypt and widespread brigandage in the eastern empire. There may have also been a serious sickness in his family--threatening the entire dynasty. But was it covered up?
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1 The Marcomannic War - The Pax Romana Podcast 052 17:08
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Marcus Aurelius, now sole emperor after the death of his brother Lucius Verus, faced the Germanic tribes migrating (if not invading) Rome's northern border. The Marcomannic War was the first stage of a centuries-long struggle against invaders. This episode explores the challenges, strategies, and the sheer will of Rome to defend its northern frontier.…
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1 Climate Change and Famine in the Pax Romana - The Pax Romana Podcast 051 18:32
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The Antonine plague--the world's first pandemic--did not find the Roman Empire at its strongest. In fact, climate change was affecting some key regions of the Roman Empire decades prior to the Pax Romana's end. The food supply of the empire was in jeopardy, weakening the population and encouraging migration into already crowded Roman cities. What went wrong and why?…
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1 The World's First Pandemic: The Antonine Plague - The Pax Romana Podcast 050 16:00
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In the mid AD 160s, it looked like Rome was winning. The war in Parthia was going well. The two emperors, Marcus Aurelius and Lucius Verus, were well supported. But then a sudden and mysterious disease ripped across the Empire and into Italy. The outbreak was one of several jarring events that shook the Roman world.…
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1 Parthia Strikes Back! - The Pax Romana Podcast 049 15:50
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As far as we know, Marcus Aurelius grew up in a period of general peace and tranquility. But so did his adoptive brother, Lucius Verus. When the emperor Antoninus Pius died, both men--Marcus and Lucius--had claims to the empire. But could Rome really function with two emperors? The Roman Senate thought Marcus alone should rule. Adding to the awkwardness of the transition, the Parthian empire attacked Rome's client state Armenia. An all out war would follow; but first the Romans needed to resolve their leadership situation.…
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1 The Early Life of Marcus Aurelius - The Pax Romana Podcast 048 15:22
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Antoninus Pius was apparently a great emperor, but we know very little details about his reign. Instead, he is remembered as the emperor who prepared the way for his successor, Marcus Aurelius--one of the most famous emperors in all of Roman history. But Hadrian had put in place two successors, not one, for Antonine Pius. How did Antoninus balance his obvious preferences for Marcus Aurelius while also honoring the wishes of Hadrian?…
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1 The Plague of Cyprian - The Pax Romana Podcast 75 16:56
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In AD 249, the Plague of Cyprian swept through the Roman Empire. Named after Cyprian of Carthage, who vividly described its horrors, this plague led to loss of life and increased imperial destabilization during an already turbulent time. Accounts from Cyprian and Dionysius of Alexandria highlight the plague's severity, noting it seemed to threaten the very existence of humanity. At the same time, the emperor Trajan Decius issued an edict requiring universal sacrifice to Roman gods across the entire Empire, putting Christians in the crosshairs. How did the Christian community respond to both the plague and the persecution under Decius?…
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1 The Collapse of the Roman Peace - The Pax Romana Podcast 74 17:54
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The Crisis of the Third Century began with the assassination of Severus Alexander, leading to Maximinus Thrax's brief and unpopular rule. Maximinus treated Rome like his own personal piggy bank--looting everything from senatorial estates, to local funds for festivals and celebrations. he was assinated in AD 238, also known as the Year of the Six Emperors. By the end of that year, a pre-teen boy sat alone on the throne. It was his task to try to save a beleaguered and besieged Roman Empire.…
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1 The Collapse of the Roman Monetary System - The Pax Romana Podcast 73 20:08
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The Roman monetary system--one of the worlds most stable and trusted monetary systems for nearly 500 years, seems to have collapsed in the third century AD. Rapid debasements made Roman silver coins nearly valueless. This economic instability may have prompted inhabitants of the Roman Empire to stop using currency in some regions. In just the AD 270s alone, prices rose by around 1,000%. What happened to Roman currency and could anything have been done differently?…
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1 The Crisis of the Third Century AD - The Pax Romana Podcast 72 19:22
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Was the third century AD a period of crisis or transformation? The prevalence of war, economic strain and demographic collapse certainly seems compelling. And yet, this same period could be viewed as a transformation where Rome adapted, with power shifting from traditional elites to military figures, and where cultural, religious, and social structures evolved. Was the constant warfare a sign of an empire's decline, or was it forging a new and more sustainable system?…
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1 Could One Senator Have Saved the Roman Empire? - The Pax Romana Podcast 071 31:07
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Cassius Dio, a Roman historian and senator, seems to have foreseen the tumultuous times the Roman Empire was about to experience in the Crisis of the Third Century. His proposed reforms come to us through the lens of his famous debate between Agrippa and Maecenas in his epic history of Rome. Dio envisioned a stable, centralized Roman Empire, including a professional standing army, fiscal responsibility and a nuanced balance of power between the Senate and the Emperor. I analyze these prescient warnings and discuss the extent to which they might have been successful.…
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1 The End of the Severan Dynasty - The Pax Romana Podcast 070 18:17
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Alexander Severus, Roman Emperor from 222 to 235 AD, ascended to power under the guardianship of his mother and grandmother. He offered a serious foreign policy--aimed at stabilizing increasingly fragile borders to both the north and east of the Empire. But the Crisis of the Third Century was looming, and Rome's legions apparently no longer wished to have peace--preferring instead the profits of foreign and civil wars.…
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1 Rome's Emperor of the Sun - The Pax Romana Podcast 069 17:54
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Elagabalus, the 14-year-old priest-king, became emperor in AD 218 and tried to impose the sun god El-Gabal as Rome's chief deity. His reign was marked by multiple marriages, accusations of effeminacy and unrest in Rome. He was such a disaster of an emperor that his own grandmother sough to replace him with his cousin, Alexander.…
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1 Macrinus: Emperor for a Moment - The Pax Romana Podcast 068 13:35
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Four days after Caracalla's assassination, the outsider Macrinus was in charge of an unstable Roman Empire. He bribed his way into a temporary peace with Parthia, but alienated his own soldiers. Was Macrinus' short reign a case of good intentions gone awry, or was he simply out of his depth?
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The Pax Romana Podcast

1 Gladiator II Review - The Pax Romana Podcast 51:35
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GLADIATOR II promises to recapture the magic but stumbles with plot holes, CGI overload, and historical blunders! I dissect the narrative fumbles, the unearned character arcs, and the jarring anachronisms that leave you more disappointed than entertained. From battle scenes that feel like a video game to the nostalgia that can't save this sequel, discover why Gladiator II might just be one of the most disappointing films of the year.…
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The Pax Romana Podcast

1 Rome's Not-So-Great Alexander - The Pax Romana Podcast 067 14:40
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Caracalla thought himself a reincarnated Alexander the Great. In reality, he was a tyrant and a mass murderer. After some actors in Alexandria mocked Caracalla's rumored role in his brother's death, Caracalla butchered thousands of people in the city. The emperor then launched a failed campaign against Parthia. The only reason government continued to function was due to Caracalla's dutiful and wise mother, Julia Domna. By AD 217, her son Caracalla would be killed under the orders of his own Praetorian Prefect.…
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The Pax Romana Podcast

1 Caracalla Transforms the Roman Empire - The Pax Romana Podcast 066 19:22
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Caracalla rewarded his soldiers, and scored all other men--as his father Septimius Severus advised him. He stole property, murdered elites, put in new inheritance taxes and debased the Roman coinage. The temporary windfall allowed him to pass out a huge salary increase to his soldiers, but the long term effects of these policies would be greater economic pain in the future. Caracalla then stunned the Empire by unilaterally declaring universal citizenship to all free inhabitants of the Roman provinces.…
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The Pax Romana Podcast

1 The Death of Septimius Severus - The Pax Romana Podcast 065 17:52
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Septimius Severus, aiming for stability, made his sons Caracalla and Geta (of Gladiator II fame) co-emperors, which only fueled their rivalry. His last years were then spent campaigning in Britain, where harsh conditions and guerrilla warfare halted Roman advances. Then in AD 211, in the city of Eboracum (modern York, England), Septimius died. With his father out of the way, Septimius' older son Caracalla murdered his younger brother Geta, initiating a purge and condemning Geta's memory--setting a violet precedent for the years that followed.…
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The Pax Romana Podcast

1 Perpetua the Martyr (Christianity in the Roman Empire 5/5)- The Pax Romana Podcast 064 20:09
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Perpetua, a Christian martyr in the early 3rd century AD Roman Empire, left behind a rare firsthand account that provides profound insights into the personal experiences of early Christian martyrdom. Her diary, which details her imprisonment and thoughts up to her execution, offers a unique perspective on the spiritual strength, societal defiance, and the internal conflict faced by individuals living under Roman rule. Her story highlights the dynamics of religion, gender, and power, showcasing the depth of commitment required by early Christians facing persecution.…
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The Pax Romana Podcast

1 Defending Early Christianity (Christianity in the Roman Empire 4/5) - The Pax Romana Podcast 064 21:41
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How did early Christian apologists defend their faith against Roman skepticism and hostility? These were no ordinary defenders; they included philosophers like Justin Martyr and Tertullian, who used Roman law and logic to argue for Christianity's legitimacy. From debunking the worship of Roman gods as illogical and immoral, to explaining Christian rituals like baptism and the Lord's Supper, these educated Christians presented compelling arguments to emperors and magistrates. They tackled accusations of atheism, sedition, and immorality, proving that Christianity was not a novel superstition but a fulfillment of ancient prophecies, deeply rooted in what was then known as Hebrew scriptures.…
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The Pax Romana Podcast

1 Roman Religion and Concerns with Christianity (Christianity in the Roman Empire 3/5) - The Pax Romana Podcast 063 19:26
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On this episode, we examine the religious logic prevalent in the Roman Empire. It may be surprising to learn that belief was far less important to Romans than practice. Christianity turned the order of Roman religion on its head. As a result, Christians were accused of atheism, sedition, immorality, superstition and religious novelty.…
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