All of topic 11.1 is discussed including a review of primary and secondary defense systems against pathogens. Blood clotting is also discussed.

I look at the light dependent and independent reactions of photosynthesis, guided by an overview of the ultra structure of the chloroplast. I go through a couple of past paper questions and explain Calvin’s lollipop experiment.

Glycolysis • Link reaction • Krebs Cycle • Electron transport chain